Sponsored: It is well-established that imperfections in a heat exchange surface can have a negative impact on heat transfer. Tony Willis of Sabien Technology explains how a CIBSE award-winning additive to reduce the surface tension of the heating fluid can improve performance.
The efficiency of heat transfer from a heating fluid in radiators, air handling units and heat exchangers is influenced significantly by the condition of the heat exchange surfaces. Anything that reduces the contact between the heating fluid and the inner surface of the heat exchanger will inevitably reduce the rate of heat transfer.
This is a well-recognised phenomenon and common procedures to mitigate it include power-flushing to remove sludge and scale and the addition of inhibitors to prevent further scale formation.
However, even in the cleanest, scale-free wet heating system there will be microscopic crevices and imperfections on the internal heat exchange surfaces. These effectively create gaps between the heating fluid and the heat exchange surface – gaps that the heating fluid is normally unable to enter because of its natural water surface tension.
Now, a heating system additive called EndoTherm (recently the recipient of CIBSE’s 2016 Energy Efficiency Award) reduces the surface tension within the fluid, enabling it to fill these ‘micro-gaps’ and make closer contact with the heat exchange surface. 
EndoTherm, is an organic based inert system additive that is fully compatible with existing heating inhibitors and heating system water treatment. Typical dosage to the system would be 1% of the total system volume, and will not require further dosing for 5 years under normal system conditions.
Independent ‘in field’ verification on over 50 projects has demonstrated energy savings of between 10% and 25% and paybacks typically within two years. These projects involved many different building types, ranging from schools and leisure centres to offices and care homes.
System efficiency
As a result of the improved heat transfer, set-point temperatures within the heated spaces can be achieved more quickly so that plant usage and fuel consumption are reduced. In addition, the increased heat transfer can result in lower return water temperatures (delta T) to the plant room to support improved condensing by condensing boilers. Low return water temperatures may also help to improve the efficiency of low carbon heat sources such as heat pumps and CHP.
Sabien Technology is the exclusive UK distributor of EndoTherm for commercial multi-site applications and is offering a free pilot programme of EndoTherm this heating season to assist organisations trial and identify potential energy savings from installing the fluid in their estate. Visit our website
Further information: www.sabien-tech.co.uk/endotherm/
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1. Increased delta T for a given flow rate implies higher, not lower, heat output (and input to match).
2. Achieving set-point temperature more quickly will result in higher daily heat loss (and input), not lower, unless the system has optimum start control.
3. What proportion of the heat transfer surface is accounted for by these ‘microscopic crevices’? Not the 80% plus implied by the diagram, I fancy. Close to zero, I suggest.
Are you disputing CIBSE Mr Vesma? Surely you should be encouraging new technology rather than trolling?